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state of matter
state of matter
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Số nhiều: states of matter
This term is a technical scientific classification used primarily in physics and chemistry to describe the physical form of a substance. It refers to the macroscopic properties of a substance based on the microscopic behavior of its atoms and molecules.
While the term is used as a compound noun, it follows the countability of the headword "state." In a scientific context, it is used to categorize substances into distinct phases, most commonly solid, liquid, and gas, though it also encompasses higher-energy phases like plasma or Bose-Einstein condensates.
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phasesolidliquidgasplasmamatteratommoleculeparticleelectronprotonneutronnucleustemperaturepressurevolumedensityentropyenthalpyenergyheatthermalkineticpotentialmeltingfreezingevaporationcondensationsublimationdepositionboilingvaporizationfusioncrystallizationviscosityfluiditycompressibilitydiffusionlatticecrystalamorphoussuperfluidsuperconductorionionizationvacuumgas lawthermodynamicsphysicschemistryphase transitiontriple pointcritical pointequilibriumintermolecular forcebondingcohesionadhesionsurface tensionvapor pressurelatent heatspecific heatconductionconvectionradiationquantum mechanicsdegeneracyfermionboson